What factors can cause a more active state of lupus?

Lupus, an autoimmune disease, can be influenced by a variety of external and internal factors that may trigger or exacerbate its symptoms. The correct answer identifies sunlight, infection, and emotional stress as significant contributors to a more active state of lupus.

Exposure to sunlight, particularly ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can lead to skin rashes and flare-ups, as many individuals with lupus have photosensitivity. Infections can provoke an immune response, which may lead the body to mistakenly attack its own tissues, intensifying lupus activity. Emotional stress is another critical factor; stress can influence hormonal levels and immune function, both of which can exacerbate lupus symptoms.

Other options represent factors that may have a less direct or significant impact on lupus. While genetic predisposition is indeed important in understanding the overall risk of developing lupus, it relates more to the likelihood of onset rather than active disease states. Similarly, poor nutrition and exposure to cold might affect general health but are less specifically linked to triggering active lupus episodes compared to the identified factors in the correct answer.